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Tobacco use in any form during pregnancy presents a significant risk to the pregnancy, pregnant patient, and developing fetus while also remaining a significant cause of morbidity and mortality compared with pregnant nonsmokers
Since it seems intuitive, the general public is firmly holds the belief that vaping must be less harmful than smoking
Abbreviations AN: Alaskan native ApgS: APGAR score BC: Birth certificate BP: Blood pressure BW: Birth weight CBT: Cognitive behavioral therapy CD : Caesarean delivery CI: Confidence interval CO: Carbon monoxide reading Cr : Cross over RCT CR: Cotinine (urine or hair) reading CV: Cardiovascular D_Bl: Double-blind Dk: Denmark Eng: England ExS : Ex-smoker GA: Gestational age H: Hispanic L: Longitudinal LipTool: Lipsitz tool MA: Medicaid MF: Malformations MR: Medical records MS: Marital status MWR: Midwives records N/A: Not applicable Nap: Neonatal apnea NB : Not blinded NC: Nordic countries No: Norway NRT : Nicotine replacement therapy NSNNU: No smoking no nicotine use OR: Odds ratio PE: Preeclampsia Pl: Placebo PP: Planned pregnancy PPBMI: Pre-pregnancy body mass index Ps: Prospective PSS: Partners smoking status PT: Preterm delivery RCT: Randomized controlled trial RecNRT: Recommended to use NRT SB: Still birth SD: Standard deviation SES: Socioeconomic status SGA: Small for gestational age SI : Scientifically structured interviews SR: Self-report Sw: Sweden SWQ: Self-completed written questionnaire TSR: Telephone self-reports YrsEd: Years of education References Einarson A, Riordan S
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