CVOTs cardiovascular outcome trials, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD cardiovascular disease, HF heart failure, CKD chronic kidney disease, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, GLP-1R GLP-1 receptor, T1DM type 1 diabetes mellitus, GLP-1RAs glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4i DPP-4 inhibitor, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval Except for ELIXA and EXSCEL [56, 59], all other major CVOTs point towards cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1RAs [53, 54, 61, 63, 6668]
Enhances Antioxidant Activity of Vitamins C and E*
Suppression of SREBP1 expression reduces its binding to the promoter region of inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP), leading to a marked decrease in iASPP levels
Heres what the published research actually shows, and why the future of metabolic optimization isnt about choosing one of these peptides over the other